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In May 2025, the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP) conducted a comprehensive survey examining current import substitution processes and technological advancement among Russian companies. This follows previous rounds of the survey conducted in 2022 and 2023, with the current study placing particular emphasis on evaluating interim results and identifying critical challenges in existing policies.
The survey also examined corporate strategies and approaches to technological development, establishing a foundation for Russia's technological sovereignty strategy and ensuring long-term leadership in high-tech industries.
The survey included 140 representatives of Russian companies, with the majority (68.8%) operating in the manufacturing sector. Responses were also received from organizations in professional, scientific and technical services (10%), energy companies (7.9%), extractive industries (6.4%), transportation and storage (6.4%), and construction (5.7%).
Representation from agriculture, utilities, trade, information/communications, and financial sectors each accounted for less than 4% of respondents. Participants could select multiple industry categories, making the total percentage exceed 100%.
In terms of company size (based on revenue), 38.9% of respondents represented Russia's largest enterprises with annual revenues exceeding 15 billion rubles. Large organizations with revenues between 2-15 billion rubles accounted for 26.6%, while small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) made up 34.5% of participants.